Phakathi kwamaphepha akamuva mayelana nale antioxidant enamandla isibuyekezo esishicilelwe kuPhytotherapy Research ngoMashi 2019, ebuyekeze izinto eziyi-9 mayelana nemiphumela ye-quercetin ku-metabolic syndrome Isivivinyo esilawulwa ngokungahleliwe.

I-Metabolic syndrome ibhekisela ochungechungeni lwezinkinga zempilo ezandisa ingozi yohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isifo senhliziyo, nesifo sohlangothi, okuhlanganisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ushukela ophakeme wegazi, amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride, nokunqwabelana kwamafutha okhalweni.

Nakuba ucwaningo olunzulu luye lwathola ukuthi i-quercetin ayinawo umthelela ekuzileni kukashukela wegazi, ukumelana ne-insulin noma amazinga e-hemoglobin A1c, ukuhlaziya okwengeziwe kweqembu elincane kubonise ukuthi i-quercetin yenezelwa ezifundweni ezithatha okungenani ama-500 mg ngosuku okungenani amasonto ayisishiyagalombili. Kuncishiswe kakhulu ushukela wegazi lokuzila ukudla.

I-Quercetin isiza ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kofuzo

Ngokocwaningo olwanyatheliswa ngo-2016, i-quercetin ingaphinda isebenzise isiteshi se-mitochondrial se-apoptosis (ukufa kweseli elihleliwe lamaseli awonakele) ngokusebenzisana ne-DNA, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukuhlehla kwesimila.

Ucwaningo luye lwathola ukuthi i-quercetin ingabangela i-cytotoxicity yamaseli we-leukemia, futhi umphumela uhlobene nomthamo. Imiphumela ye-cytotoxic elinganiselwe nayo itholakale kumaseli omdlavuza webele. Ngokuvamile, i-quercetin inganweba isikhathi sokuphila samagundane omdlavuza izikhathi ezi-5 uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula elingelashiwe.

Ababhali bathi le miphumela ihlobene nokusebenzisana okuqondile phakathi kwe-quercetin ne-DNA kanye nokusebenzisa kwayo indlela ye-mitochondrial ye-apoptosis, futhi baphakamisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okungaba khona kwe-quercetin njengomuthi osizayo wokwelashwa komdlavuza kufanele kuqhutshekwe nokuhlolwa.

Ucwaningo lwakamuva olushicilelwe kumagazini i-Molecules luphinde lwagcizelela imiphumela ye-epigenetic ye-quercetin kanye nekhono layo loku:

Ukusebenzisana namashaneli okubonisa amaseli
Lawula ukubonakaliswa kofuzo
Kuthinta umsebenzi wezici zokuloba
Ilawula i-microribonucleic acid (microRNA)

I-Microribonucleic acid yake yabhekwa njenge-DNA "eyimfucumfucu". Ucwaningo luye lwathola ukuthi i-DNA “eyimfucumfucu” ayilona neze ize. Empeleni liyi-molecule encane ye-ribonucleic acid, edlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izakhi zofuzo ezenza amaprotheni abantu.

I-Microribonucleic acid ingasetshenziswa njenge "switch" yalezi zakhi zofuzo. Ngokokufaka kwe-microribonucleic acid, isakhi sofuzo singafaka noma yimiphi imikhiqizo engaphezu kuka-200 yamaprotheni. Amandla e-Quercetin okushintsha ama-microRNA angase futhi achaze imiphumela yawo ye-cytotoxic nokuthi kungani kubonakala kwandisa ukusinda komdlavuza (okungenani kumagundane).

I-Quercetin iyisithako esinamandla se-antiviral

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ucwaningo olwenziwa mayelana ne-quercetin lugxile ekhonweni layo lokulwa namagciwane, okubangelwa ikakhulukazi izindlela ezintathu zokwenza:

Vimbela ikhono lamagciwane lokuthelela amaseli
Vimba ukuphindaphinda kwamaseli angenwe yileli gciwane
Yehlisa ukumelana kwamaseli angenwe yileli gciwane ekwelashweni kwemithi elwa namagciwane

Isibonelo, ucwaningo oluxhaswe uMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-US olwanyatheliswa ngo-2007 lwathola ukuthi ngemva kokubhekana nokucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzimba, i-quercetin inganciphisa ingozi yokuthola igciwane futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kwengqondo yakho, ngaphandle kwalokho ingalimaza umsebenzi wakho wokuzivikela komzimba , Ikwenza ube sengozini kakhulu. ezifweni.

Kulolu cwaningo, abagibeli bamabhayisikili bathola i-1000 mg ye-quercetin ngosuku, ehlanganiswe novithamini C (okwandisa amazinga e-quercetin e-plasma) kanye ne-niacin (ekhuthaza ukumuncwa) amasonto amahlanu alandelanayo. Imiphumela yathola ukuthi uma iqhathaniswa nokungelashiwe Kunoma yimuphi umgibeli wamabhayisikili owalashwa, labo ababethatha i-quercetin babenethuba eliphansi kakhulu lokuthola isifo esibangelwa amagciwane ngemva kokugibela ibhayisikili amahora amathathu ngosuku izinsuku ezintathu zilandelana. Ama-45% abantu abaseqenjini le-placebo ayegula, kuyilapho ama-5% kuphela abantu eqenjini lokwelapha ayegula.

I-US Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) ixhase ngezimali olunye ucwaningo, olwanyatheliswa ngo-2008, futhi yacwaninga ukusetshenziswa kwegciwane lomkhuhlane we-H1N1 obangela izifo kakhulu ukuze inselele izilwane ezilashwa nge-quercetin. Umphumela usafana, ukugula nokufa kweqembu lokwelapha kwakuphansi kakhulu kunalokho kweqembu le-placebo. Ezinye izifundo ziphinde zaqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-quercetin ngokumelene nezinhlobonhlobo zamagciwane, okuhlanganisa:

Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-1985 lwathola ukuthi i-quercetin ingavimbela ukutheleleka kanye nokuphindaphinda kwegciwane le-herpes simplex uhlobo 1, uhlobo lwe-poliovirus 1, uhlobo lwegciwane le-parainfluenza 3, kanye negciwane le-syncytial yokuphefumula.

Ucwaningo lwezilwane ngo-2010 lwathola ukuthi i-quercetin ingavimbela womabili amagciwane omkhuhlane A kanye no-B. Kukhona futhi izinto ezimbili ezinkulu ezitholakele. Okokuqala, la magciwane awakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukumelana ne-quercetin; okwesibili, uma zisetshenziswa kanye nezidakamizwa ezilwa namagciwane (amantadine noma i-oseltamivir), imiphumela yazo ithuthukiswa kakhulu-futhi ukuthuthukiswa kokumelana kuyavinjelwa.

Ucwaningo lwezilwane ngo-2004 lwagunyaza uhlobo lwegciwane le-H3N2, luphenya umphumela we-quercetin kumkhuhlane. Umbhali uveze:

"Ngesikhathi sokutheleleka kwegciwane le-influenza, ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative kwenzeka. Ngenxa yokuthi i-quercetin ingabuyisela ukuhlushwa kwama-antioxidants amaningi, abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi kungase kube umuthi ophumelelayo ongavikela amaphaphu ekukhishweni ngesikhathi sokutheleleka kwegciwane lomkhuhlane. Imiphumela eyingozi yama-radicals mahhala oksijini. "

Olunye ucwaningo lwango-2016 lwathola ukuthi i-quercetin ingalawula ukubonakaliswa kwamaprotheni futhi inomphumela wokuvikela kugciwane lomkhuhlane we-H1N1. Ngokukhethekile, ukulawulwa kweprotheni yokwethuka kokushisa, i-fibronectin 1 kanye neprotheni evimbelayo kusiza ukunciphisa ukuphindaphinda kwegciwane.

Ucwaningo lwesithathu olushicilelwe ngo-2016 lwathola ukuthi i-quercetin ingavimbela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomkhuhlane, okuhlanganisa i-H1N1, i-H3N2, ne-H5N1. Umbhali wombiko wocwaningo ukholelwa ukuthi, “Lolu cwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi i-quercetin ikhombisa umsebenzi wokuvimbela inhibitory esigabeni sokuqala sokutheleleka komkhuhlane, esihlinzeka ngohlelo lokwelapha olunokwenzeka lwesikhathi esizayo ngokwakhiwa kwemithi yemvelo esebenzayo, ephephile, nengabizi yokwelapha nokuvimbela [Umkhuhlane. Igciwane] ukutheleleka."

Ku-2014, abacwaningi babonisa ukuthi i-quercetin "ibonakala ithembisa ekwelapheni umkhuhlane ovamile obangelwa ama-rhinoviruses" futhi wanezela, "Ucwaningo luqinisekisile ukuthi i-quercetin inganciphisa ukungena ngaphakathi kanye nokuphindaphinda kwamagciwane ku-vitro. Umzimba unganciphisa inani legciwane egazini, inyumoniya kanye nokusabela ngendlela yomoya.”

I-Quercetin nayo inganciphisa ukulimala kwe-oxidative, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ingozi yokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya yesibili, okuyimbangela eyinhloko yokufa okuhlobene nomkhuhlane. Okubalulekile, i-quercetin inyusa i-mitochondrial biosynthesis emisipha yamathambo, okubonisa ukuthi ingxenye yomphumela wayo wokulwa namagciwane kungenxa yesignali ye-antiviral ye-mitochondrial ethuthukisiwe.

Ucwaningo lwezilwane ngo-2016 lwathola ukuthi i-quercetin ingavimbela igciwane lodenga kanye nokutheleleka ngegciwane le-hepatitis kumagundane. Okunye ukuhlola kuye kwaqinisekisa ukuthi i-quercetin inamandla okuvimbela izifo ze-hepatitis B no-C.

Muva nje, ucwaningo olushicilelwe kumagazini iMicrobial Pathogenesis ngoMashi 2020 lwathola ukuthi i-quercetin inganikeza ukuvikeleka okuphelele ekuthelelekeni kwe-Streptococcus pneumoniae kokubili ku-vitro kanye ne-vivo. Ubuthi (PLY) obukhishwe yi-pneumococcus ukuvimbela ukuqubuka kwe-Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Embikweni othi "Microbial Pathogenesis", umbhali uveze:

"Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi i-quercetin inciphisa kakhulu umsebenzi we-hemolytic kanye ne-cytotoxicity eyenziwa yi-PLY ngokuvimbela ukwakheka kwama-oligomers.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa kwe-quercetin kungase futhi kunciphise ukulimala kwamangqamuzana e-PLY-mediated, kwandise izinga lokusinda kwamagundane atheleleke ngemithamo ebulalayo ye-Streptococcus pneumoniae, kunciphise ukulimala kwamaphaphu, futhi kuvimbele ama-cytokines (IL-1β ne-TNF) ku-bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. -α) ukukhululwa.
Uma kucatshangelwa ukubaluleka kwalezi zenzakalo ku-pathogenesis ye-Streptococcus pneumoniae engazweli, imiphumela yethu ibonisa ukuthi i-quercetin ingase ibe ikhandidethi elisha lesidakamizwa esingaba khona ekwelapheni izifo zomtholampilo ze-pneumococcal. "
I-Quercetin ilwa nokuvuvukala futhi ithuthukisa umsebenzi wokuzivikela komzimba

Ngaphandle komsebenzi we-antiviral, i-quercetin ingabuye ithuthukise ukuzivikela komzimba futhi ilwe nokuvuvukala. Ucwaningo lwango-2016 olushicilelwe kujenali Nutrients luveze ukuthi izindlela zesenzo zifaka (kodwa azikhawulelwe) ukuvinjwa:

• I-Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) eyenziwa yi-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) kuma-macrophages. I-TNF-α iyi-cytokine ehilelekile ekuvuvukeni kwesistimu. Ikhiqizwa ama-macrophages acushiwe. Ama-Macrophage amangqamuzana omzimba omzimba angagwinya izinto zangaphandle, ama-microorganisms nezinye izingxenye eziyingozi noma ezilimele.
• Amazinga e-TNF-α kanye ne-interleukin (Il) -1α mRNA eyenziwe yi-Lipopolysaccharide kumaseli e-glial, angaholela "ekwehleni kwe-apoptosis yeseli ye-neuronal"
• Vimbela ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme abangela ukuvuvukala
• Vimbela i-calcium ukuthi ingangeni kumaseli, ngaleyo ndlela uvimbele:
◦ Ukukhululwa kwama-cytokines abangela ukuvuvukala
◦ Amaseli ensika yamathumbu akhulula i-histamine ne-serotonin 

Ngokwalesi sihloko, i-quercetin ingakwazi futhi ukuzinzisa amangqamuzana e-mast, inomsebenzi we-cytoprotective emgudwini wesisu, futhi "inomphumela oqondile wokulawula izici eziyisisekelo zokusebenza kwamangqamuzana omzimba omzimba", ukuze "ilawule phansi noma ivimbele izinhlobonhlobo ze-immune". iziteshi zokuvuvukala nemisebenzi," Vimba inani elikhulu lokuhlosiwe kwamangqamuzana ebangeni lokuhlushwa le-micromolar".

I-Quercetin ingaba isengezo esiwusizo kubantu abaningi

Ngokucabangela ububanzi obuningi bezinzuzo ze-quercetin, kungase kube isengezo esizuzisayo kubantu abaningi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinkinga ezinzima noma zesikhathi eside, zingaba nomphumela othile. Lesi futhi isithasiselo engincoma ukuthi usigcine ekhabetheni lemithi. Kungase kube usizo lapho uzwa sengathi "usuzogajwa" inkinga yezempilo (kungaba umkhuhlane ovamile noma umkhuhlane).

Uma ujwayele ukungenwa umkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane, ungase ucabange ukuphuza i-quercetin ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwenkathi yamakhaza neyomkhuhlane ukuze uqinise amasosha akho omzimba. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kubonakala kuwusizo kakhulu ezigulini ezine-metabolic syndrome, kodwa kuwubulima kakhulu ukuthembela kuphela ezithasiselweni ezithile nokwehluleka ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyisisekelo ezifana nokudla nokuzivocavoca ngesikhathi esisodwa.