Phakathi kwamaphepha akamuva ngale antioxidant enamandla kukhona isibuyekezo esanyatheliswa ku-Phytotherapy Research ngoMashi 2019, esabukeza izinto ezingu-9 mayelana nemiphumela ye-quercetin ku-metabolic syndrome. Isilingo esilawulwayo esingahleliwe.

I-Metabolic syndrome ibhekisela ochungechungeni lwezinkinga zempilo ezandisa ingozi yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nesifo sohlangothi, okuhlanganisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ushukela wegazi ophakeme, amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride, kanye nokuqongelela kwamafutha okhalweni.

Nakuba izifundo eziphelele zithole ukuthi i-quercetin ayinawo umthelela emazingeni kashukela egazini, ukumelana ne-insulin noma amazinga e-hemoglobin A1c, ukuhlaziywa okwengeziwe kwamaqembu amancane kubonise ukuthi i-quercetin yanezelwa ezifundweni ezathatha okungenani ama-500 mg ngosuku okungenani amasonto ayisishiyagalombili.” Ushukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu.

I-Quercetin isiza ekulawuleni ukuvezwa kwezakhi zofuzo

Ngokusho kocwaningo olwanyatheliswa ngo-2016, i-quercetin ingaphinde isebenze isiteshi se-mitochondrial se-apoptosis (ukufa kweseli okuhleliwe kwamaseli alimele) ngokusebenzisana ne-DNA, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukwehla kwesimila.

Izifundo zithole ukuthi i-quercetin ingadala ubuthi obuvela kumaseli e-leukemia, futhi umphumela uhlobene nomthamo. Imiphumela elinganiselwe yobuthi obuvela kumaseli omdlavuza webele itholakale nasemaseli omdlavuza webele. Ngokuvamile, i-quercetin ingandisa isikhathi sokuphila samagundane omdlavuza ngokuphindwe kahlanu uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula elingalashwanga.

Abalobi bathi le miphumela ibangelwa ukusebenzisana okuqondile phakathi kwe-quercetin ne-DNA kanye nokusebenza kwayo kwendlela ye-mitochondrial ye-apoptosis, futhi basikisela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwe-quercetin njengomuthi osizayo ekwelapheni umdlavuza kufanelekile ukuhlolisiswa kabanzi.

Ucwaningo lwamuva nje olushicilelwe ephephabhukwini i-Molecules luphinde lwagcizelela imiphumela ye-epigenetic ye-quercetin kanye nekhono layo loku:

Ukusebenzisana neziteshi zokubonisana zeseli
Lawula ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo
Thinta umsebenzi wezinto zokubhala
Ilawula i-microribonucleic acid (i-microRNA)

I-microribonucleic acid yake yabhekwa njenge-"junk" DNA. Izifundo zithole ukuthi i-"junk" DNA ayisizi ngalutho. Empeleni iyi-molecule encane ye-ribonucleic acid, edlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izakhi zofuzo ezenza amaprotheni abantu.

I-microribonucleic acid ingasetshenziswa "njengoshintsho" lwalezi zakhi zofuzo. Ngokusho kokufakwa kwe-microribonucleic acid, isakhi sofuzo singabhala noma yimiphi imikhiqizo yamaprotheni engaphezu kuka-200. Amandla e-Quercetin okuguqula ama-microRNA angachaza nemiphumela yayo yobuthi kanye nokuthi kungani ibonakala ikhulisa ukusinda komdlavuza (okungenani kumagundane).

I-Quercetin iyisithako esinamandla sokulwa namagciwane

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ucwaningo olwenziwe mayelana ne-quercetin lugxile emandleni ayo okulwa namagciwane, okubangelwa kakhulu izindlela ezintathu zokusebenza:

Vimbela ikhono lamagciwane lokuthelela amaseli
Vimbela ukuphindaphindeka kwamaseli athelelekile
Yehlisa ukumelana kwamaseli athelelekile ekwelashweni ngemithi yokulwa namagciwane

Isibonelo, ucwaningo oluxhaswe yi-US Department of Defense olwanyatheliswa ngo-2007 luthole ukuthi ngemva kokubhekana nokucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzimba, i-quercetin inganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola igciwane futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kwengqondo yakho, ngaphandle kwalokho ingalimaza ukusebenza komzimba wakho, ikwenze ube sengozini enkulu yezifo.

Kulolu cwaningo, abagibela amabhayisikili bathola i-1000 mg ye-quercetin ngosuku, kuhlanganiswe ne-vitamin C (okwandisa amazinga e-quercetin egazini) kanye ne-niacin (okukhuthaza ukumuncwa) amasonto amahlanu alandelanayo. Imiphumela ithole ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nabangazange baphathwe kahle. Kunoma yimuphi umgibeli webhayisikili owelashwe, labo abathathe i-quercetin babenethuba eliphansi kakhulu lokuthola isifo esibangelwa amagciwane ngemuva kokugibela ibhayisikili amahora amathathu ngosuku izinsuku ezintathu zilandelana. Abantu abangu-45% eqenjini le-placebo babegula, kuyilapho abangu-5% kuphela babantu eqenjini lokwelashwa babegula.

I-US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) ixhase olunye ucwaningo, olwanyatheliswa ngo-2008, futhi yafunda ngokusetshenziswa kwegciwane lomkhuhlane i-H1N1 elibangela izifo eziningi ukuze inselele izilwane eziphathwe nge-quercetin. Umphumela usafana, ukugula nokufa kweqembu lokwelashwa kwakuphansi kakhulu kunokweqembu le-placebo. Ezinye izifundo ziqinisekisile nokusebenza kahle kwe-quercetin ngokumelene namagciwane ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa:

Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngo-1985 lwathola ukuthi i-quercetin ingavimbela ukutheleleka kanye nokuphindaphinda kwegciwane le-herpes simplex uhlobo 1, igciwane le-poliovirus uhlobo 1, igciwane le-parainfluenza uhlobo 3, kanye negciwane lokuphefumula elihambisana nokuxhumana.

Ucwaningo lwezilwane ngo-2010 luthole ukuthi i-quercetin ingavimbela kokubili amagciwane omkhuhlane A no-B. Kukhona futhi izinto ezimbili ezinkulu ezitholakele. Okokuqala, la magciwane awakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukumelana ne-quercetin; okwesibili, uma esetshenziswa kanye nemithi yokulwa namagciwane (i-amantadine noma i-oseltamivir), imiphumela yawo ithuthuka kakhulu - futhi ukuthuthukiswa kokumelana kuyavinjelwa.

Ucwaningo lwezilwane ngo-2004 lwavuma uhlobo lwegciwane le-H3N2, luhlola umphumela we-quercetin kumkhuhlane. Umbhali waveza:

"Ngesikhathi sokutheleleka ngegciwane lomkhuhlane, ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative kwenzeka. Ngenxa yokuthi i-quercetin ingabuyisela ukuhlushwa kwama-antioxidants amaningi, abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi kungaba umuthi osebenzayo ongavikela amaphaphu ekukhululweni ngesikhathi sokutheleleka ngegciwane lomkhuhlane. Imiphumela elimazayo yama-radicals amahhala e-oxygen."

Olunye ucwaningo lwango-2016 luthole ukuthi i-quercetin ingalawula ukuvezwa kwamaprotheni futhi inomphumela wokuvikela igciwane le-H1N1 influenza. Ngokukhethekile, ukulawulwa kwephrotheni yokushaqeka kokushisa, i-fibronectin 1 kanye nephrotheni yokuvimbela kusiza ekunciphiseni ukuphindaphindeka kwamagciwane.

Ucwaningo lwesithathu olwanyatheliswa ngo-2016 lwathola ukuthi i-quercetin ingavimbela izinhlobo ezahlukene zomkhuhlane, okuhlanganisa i-H1N1, i-H3N2, kanye ne-H5N1. Umbhali wombiko wocwaningo ukholelwa ukuthi, “Lolu cwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-quercetin ibonisa umsebenzi wokuvimbela esigabeni sokuqala sokutheleleka komkhuhlane, okunikeza uhlelo lokwelapha olusebenzayo esikhathini esizayo ngokuthuthukiswa kwemithi yemvelo ephumelelayo, ephephile, futhi engabizi yokwelapha nokuvimbela ukutheleleka [kwegciwane le-Influenza A].”

Ngo-2014, abacwaningi baveze ukuthi i-quercetin “ibonakala ithembisa ekwelapheni umkhuhlane ovamile obangelwa ama-rhinovirus” futhi banezela, “Ucwaningo luqinisekisile ukuthi i-quercetin inganciphisa ukufakwa ngaphakathi kanye nokuphindaphinda kwama-virusi ngaphakathi kwe-vitro. Umzimba unganciphisa umthwalo wegciwane, i-pneumonia kanye nokusabela ngokweqile komoya.”

I-Quercetin inganciphisa nomonakalo we-oxidative, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ingozi yokutheleleka kwesibili kwamagciwane, okuyimbangela eyinhloko yokufa okuhlobene nomkhuhlane. Okubalulekile, i-quercetin yandisa ukwenziwa kwe-mitochondrial emisipheni yamathambo, okubonisa ukuthi ingxenye yomphumela wayo wokulwa namagciwane ibangelwa isignali yokulwa namagciwane ye-mitochondrial ethuthukisiwe.

Ucwaningo lwezilwane ngo-2016 luthole ukuthi i-quercetin ingavimbela igciwane le-dengue kanye nokutheleleka ngegciwane le-hepatitis emagundwini. Ezinye izifundo ziqinisekisile nokuthi i-quercetin inamandla okuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-hepatitis B kanye ne-C.

Muva nje, ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa kuyi-Microbial Pathogenesis ngoMashi 2020 luthole ukuthi i-quercetin ingahlinzeka ngesivikelo esiphelele ekuthelelekeni kwe-Streptococcus pneumoniae kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ubuthi (i-PLY) obukhishwa yi-pneumococcus ukuvimbela ukuqubuka kokutheleleka kwe-Streptococcus pneumoniae. Embikweni othi "Microbial Pathogenesis", umbhali ukhombe:

"Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi i-quercetin inciphisa kakhulu umsebenzi we-hemolytic kanye ne-cytotoxicity ebangelwa yi-PLY ngokuvimbela ukwakheka kwama-oligomers."
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa nge-quercetin kunganciphisa nomonakalo wamangqamuzana obangelwa yi-PLY, kwandise izinga lokusinda kwamagundane atheleleke ngemithamo ebulalayo ye-Streptococcus pneumoniae, kunciphise umonakalo wezifo zamaphaphu, futhi kuvimbele ama-cytokines (IL-1β kanye ne-TNF) ekukhishweni koketshezi lokuhlanza i-bronchoalveolar. -α).
Uma sibheka ukubaluleka kwalezi zenzakalo ekuqaliseni kwe-Streptococcus pneumoniae engamelana nayo, imiphumela yethu ikhombisa ukuthi i-quercetin ingaba yisidakamizwa esisha esingaba khona sokwelapha izifo ze-pneumococcal.
I-Quercetin ilwa nokuvuvukala futhi iqinisa ukusebenza komzimba

Ngaphezu komsebenzi wokulwa namagciwane, i-quercetin ingathuthukisa futhi amasosha omzimba futhi ilwe nokuvuvukala. Ucwaningo lwango-2016 olwanyatheliswa ephephabhukwini i-Nutrients luveze ukuthi izindlela zokusebenza zifaka (kodwa azikhawulelwe) ekuvinjelweni kwalokhu:

• I-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) ebangelwa yi-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) kuma-macrophage. I-TNF-α iyi-cytokine ehilelekile ekuvuvukeni komzimba. Ikhishwa ama-macrophage asebenzayo. Ama-macrophage angamaseli omzimba angagwinya izinto zakwamanye amazwe, amagciwane kanye nezinye izingxenye eziyingozi noma ezonakele.
• Amazinga e-TNF-α abangelwa yi-lipopolysaccharide kanye ne-interleukin (Il)-1α mRNA kumaseli e-glial, okungaholela "ekuncipheni kwe-neuronal cell apoptosis"
• Kuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme abangela ukuvuvukala
• Vimbela i-calcium ukuthi ingangeni emangqamuzaneni, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele:
◦ Ukukhishwa kwama-cytokine akhuthaza ukuvuvukala
◦ Amaseli e-mast emathunjini akhipha i-histamine ne-serotonin 

Ngokusho kwalesi sihloko, i-quercetin ingaqinisa futhi amaseli e-mast, inomsebenzi wokuvikela izicubu emathunjini, futhi "inomphumela oqondile wokulawula ezicini zokusebenza eziyisisekelo zamaseli omzimba", ukuze "ikwazi ukwehlisa noma ukuvimbela iziteshi nemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokuvuvukala," Ivimbele inani elikhulu lama-molecule target ebangeni lokuhlushwa kwe-micromolar".

I-Quercetin ingaba yisithasiselo esiwusizo kubantu abaningi

Uma sibheka izinzuzo eziningi ze-quercetin, ingaba isithasiselo esiwusizo kubantu abaningi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyizinkinga eziphuthumayo noma zesikhathi eside, ingaba nomphumela othile. Lesi futhi isithasiselo engisincoma ukuthi usigcine ekhabetheni lemithi. Singasiza uma uzizwa sengathi "usuzonqotshwa" yinkinga yezempilo (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umkhuhlane ovamile noma umkhuhlane).

Uma uthambekele ekubanjweni umkhuhlane, ungase ucabangele ukuthatha i-quercetin ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi somkhuhlane ukuze uqinise amasosha omzimba wakho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kubonakala kuwusizo kakhulu ezigulini ezine-metabolic syndrome, kodwa kuwubuwula kakhulu ukuthembela kuphela ezithasiselo ezithile bese wehluleka ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyisisekelo njengokudla nokuzivocavoca ngesikhathi esisodwa.